Conditional & Loop Control

Conditional Control

if Statement

The if statement implements conditional execution. Syntax:

if([Test Expression])
 [statement]

Example:

int x = 10;
int maxValue = 5;
if (x > maxValue)
{
 maxValue = x;
 Console.WriteLine("x is bigger than maxValue");
}

if...else Statement

The if...else statement implements a two-way branch. The syntax for the if...else statement is:

if([Test Expression])
 [statement1]
else
 [statement2]

Example:

int x = 10;
int maxValue = 5;
if (x > maxValue)
{
 maxValue = x;
 Console.WriteLine("x is bigger than maxValue");
}
else
 Console.WriteLine("x is less than maxValue");

switch Statement

The switch statement implements multiway branching,with following syntax

switch([Test Identifier])
{
    case [Condition 1]:
        [statement 1]
    case [Condition 2]:
        [statement 2]
    ....
    case [Condition n]:
        [statement n]
    [default:Optional]:
        [statement default:Optional]
}

Example:

int numWheel = 4;
switch (numWheel)
{
 case 1:
  Console.WriteLine("Monocycle");
  break;
 case 2:
  Console.WriteLine("Bicycle");
  break;
 case 3:
  Console.WriteLine("Auto Rickshaw");
  break;
 case 4:
  Console.WriteLine("Car");
  break;
 default:
  Console.WriteLine("Maybe Train");
  break;
}

Unlike C and C++, in C# each switch section, including the optional default section, must end with one of the jump statements. In C#, you cannot execute the code in one switch section and then fall through to the next.

Loop Control

while loop

The while loop is a simple loop construct in which the test expression is performed at the top of the loop. The syntax of the while loop is:

while([Test Expression])
 [statement]

Example:

int x = 10;
while (x < 0)
{
 Console.WriteLine("Counting down " + x);
 --x;
}
Console.WriteLine("Now x :" + x);

do...while Loop

The do...while loop is a simple loop construct in which the test expression is performed at the bottom of the loop. Syntax:

do
{
    [statement]
}
while([Test Expression])

Example:

int x = 10;
do
{
 Console.WriteLine("Counting down " + x);
 --x;
}while (x < 0)
Console.WriteLine("Now x :" + x);

for Loop

The for loop construct executes the body of the loop as long as the test expression returns true when it is evaluated at the top of the loop. The syntax of the for loop is

for ([Initializer] ; [Test Expression] ; [Iteration Expression])
    [Statement]

Example:

for(int x = 10; x < 0 ; --x)
{
 Console.WriteLine("Counting down " + x);
}

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